• There is a dual inducer of

  2021-12-23

  

  There is a dual inducer of both galanin and super-threshold pain. First, injury-induced pain may stimulate galanin secretion. After peripheral nerve injury, the galanin expression level was upregulated in dorsal root ganglion (DRG), dorsal horn and hypothalamic arcuate of rats [25], [28], [33]. The

• The chemical structure of BAs consists of a steroid

  2021-12-23

  

  The chemical structure of BAs consists of a steroid nucleus with an acidic side chain. They are amphipatic molecules characterized by a hydrophilic α-face and a hydrophobic β-face. The hydrophobic pocket of the FXR LBD interacts with BAs largely through the β-face. The α-face contains several hydrox

• Since our new compound Fex could be

  2021-12-22

  

  Since our new compound Fex-3 could be a new FXR ligand, we try to demonstrate that Fex-3 was an intestinal-restricted FXR agonist which only activated FXR in the intestine not in the liver or other organs. Initially, we investigated this in Caco-2 parecoxib with transwell experiments. From and , w

• Recent studies in our laboratory demonstrated that several h

  2021-12-22

  

  Recent studies in our laboratory demonstrated that several histamine H1 receptor antagonists induce apo A-I gene expression while histamine itself represses it [20]. In humans, there are three histamine receptor genes (H1, H2, and H3) that code for G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR's) which bind his

• br Material and methods br Results br Discussion

  2021-12-22

  

  Material and methods Results Discussion Liver plays a key role in the metabolism and detoxification of DON (Peng et al., 2017). However, various DON investigations generated inconsistent results, with some showing hepatotoxicity of DON, while others not. For example, one report stated that

• Beside its role in NF B and IL

  2021-12-22

  

  Beside its role in NF-κB and IL-1β activation, the NRLP3 pathway is closely involved in another essential pathophysiologic mechanism such as the cellular calcium homeostasis. Full activation of the NRLP3 inflammasome requires decreased extracellular K concentrations resulting in decreased osmotic pr

• Gedunin Among prostaglandins PG PGD remained

  2021-12-22

  

  Among prostaglandins (PG), PGD2 remained the most elusive species for a long time and was initially regarded as having negligible biological activity [1]. In 1974 its inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation was discovered by Smith et al. [2] and Mills & McFarlain [3], and both pressor and depresso

• In addition to their functional activation of

  2021-12-22

  

  In addition to their functional activation of GPR109A, compounds of the pyrazolopyrimidine class also enhanced the binding of nicotinic RF 9 to the receptor. For instance, increased the binding of H-nicotinic acid to the receptor (black curve) in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas unlabeled

• The combination of niacin with

  2021-12-22

  

  The combination of niacin with a selective PGD2 receptor antagonist laropiprant, designed to circumvent the flushing side effect of niacin, has been evaluated in the HPS2-THRIVE study and showed no clinically meaningful benefit when administered in patients on top of statin therapy [41]. Our data su

• EAATs can transport glutamate aspartate cysteic acid and ser

  2021-12-22

  

  EAATs can transport glutamate, aspartate, cysteic acid, and serine-o-sulfate (Bjorn-Yoshimoto and Underhill, 2016). All EAATs work as symporters co-transporting 2 or 3 molecules of Na+ and a proton with each molecule of glutamate (or aspartate). In addition, a K+ ion is counter-transported ending in

• Our results revealed that when subjected to

  2021-12-22

  

  Our results revealed that when subjected to intravenous glucose tolerance tests, the RIP-Gcgr mice showed enhanced glucose tolerance and increased beta cell function, which is in agreement with the findings of Gelling et al. [6]. However, we also show that there is a reduced responsiveness of the be

• br NLS and NES Mapping br Sequence Comparison of Gli

  2021-12-22

  

  NLS and NES Mapping Sequence Comparison of Gli NLSs—NLSs in ZF Domains Alignment of the Gli NLSs of representative metazoan animals suggests that the amino nfat residues in the ZF domains are strongly conserved (Figure 4.2, Figure 4.3B). However, the length of the intervening amino acid seque

• Medulloblastoma predominantly occurs in infants and

  2021-12-22

  

  Medulloblastoma predominantly occurs in infants and children, and is the most-common type of paediatric malignant diacylglycerol kinase tumour, accounting for about 20% of all childhood brain tumors [63]. According to cancer genomics, medulloblastoma consists of at least 4 distinct subgroups: Hh dr

• So far several methods have

  2021-12-22

  

  So far, several methods have been used to monitor the level of GJC and its regulation in astrocytes studied in acute AT7519 australia slices (see Giaume et al., 2012). This mainly includes approaches based either on electrophysiological properties of gap junction channels or on “dye coupling” experi

• SynaptoRedTM C2 mg N Alkylated quinolinium dyes are the comm

  2021-12-22

  

  N-Alkylated quinolinium dyes are the common fluorescence molecules used in fluorescence sensing and cell imaging because of their attractive optical properties as well as high DNA binding affinities.13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 Moreover, the quinolinium moiety usually plays the role of donor in va

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