• While high fat diet models of insulin resistance

  2024-06-14

  

  While high-fat diet models of insulin resistance are acceptable approaches for the study of pre-diabetes in humans, they are not suitable for modeling progression towards established type2 diabetes. The pattern of activation of the lipoxygenase pathway in pre-clinical models of type2 diabetes has no

• br Apelin The APJ receptor

  2024-06-13

  

  Apelin The APJ receptor ligand apelin firstly in 1998 was segregated from bovine stomach tissue. Human preproapelin gene located on chromosome Xq25–26.1. The apelin preproproteins consist of 77 amino 2 deoxy d glucose residues that are cleaved into biologically active C-terminal fragments of var

• Once apoptosis has been initiated the HMGA proteins themselv

  2024-06-13

  

  Once apoptosis has been initiated the HMGA proteins themselves undergo marked changes in both the types and extent of their post-translational modifications (PTMs; review in [149,175]), some of which are likely correlated with alterations in chromatin structure. For example, the early stages of apop

• Physical and chemical preservatives such as ultraviolet and

  2024-06-13

  

  Physical and chemical preservatives such as ultraviolet and ɣ-rays irradiation, sulphur and aluminium phosphide fumigation, etc, have been introduced to inhibit the growth of fungi. Nevertheless, due to the potential decomposition reactions and residues, as well as their own potential toxicity, and

• In pancreatic islets we found an increase in protein express

  2024-06-13

  

  In pancreatic islets we found an increase in protein expression of leukocyte 12/15-LO that paralleled the metabolic decline characterized by severe hyperglycemia and reduced islet numbers. Similar increase in 12/15-LO expression by Western blot was found in the control mice, which have a normal meta

• A straightforward synthetic pathway was adopted to synthesiz

  2024-06-13

  

  A straightforward synthetic pathway was adopted to synthesize the target compounds as outlined in . The starting chloromethylquinazolinones (–) were synthesized from anthranilic ret pathway in two steps following reported procedures., , , The first step involves chloroacetylation of anthranilic ac

• As one of emerging high throughout methods metabolomics dete

  2024-06-13

  

  As one of emerging high-throughout methods, metabolomics detects metabolites which are ultimate response of biological systems to environmental changes [14]. Metabolomics uncovers metabolic alteration at the systems level. Comparison of global metabolic profiling reflects some unidentified biologica

• br Conflict of interest statement br Acknowledgements We are

  2024-06-13

  

  Conflict of interest statement Acknowledgements We are very grateful to Maura Agate for her excellent editorial assistance. The work reported in this article was supported largely by the Italian MIUR. Introduction Atenolol is a selective β1-adrenergic receptor blocker that is orally effect

• Since forskolin is known to act directly at

  2024-06-13

  

  Since forskolin is known to act directly at the catalytic site of adenylate cyclases near the ATP binding (Tesmer et al., 1997), the synergistic and/or permissive effect of gonadotropins on FSK activity must occur at the level of AC itself or very near, at the level of one of its direct partner. The

• Silk which is a mixture of mainly SF

  2024-06-13

  

  Silk, which is a mixture of mainly SF and sericin, has an extensive history in clinical application as a suture material. Unwanted immune reactions to silk sutures observed early on in their application were assigned to the presence of sericin. However, in vitro and in vivo evaluations of pure SF fi

• Cisplatin Luciferase Immunoprecipitation Systems LIPS which

  2024-06-13

  

  Luciferase Immunoprecipitation Systems (LIPS), which utilizes recombinant antigens fused to the enzyme reporter Renilla luciferase (Ruc) to detect patient antibodies, provides a unique platform to investigate Cisplatin directed against a variety of antigenic targets [25]. Previously, LIPS has been

• False positivity of Anti AChR Ab

  2024-06-13

  

  False positivity of Anti-AChR Ab titers, due to cross reactivity with bungarotoxin, has previously been demonstrated. One such study reported that patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, who had received long term snake venom therapy, had developed antibodies to bungarotoxin and hence demonstra

• HT receptors are distributed throughout the brain within the

  2024-06-12

  

  5-HT3 receptors are distributed throughout the brain, within the brainstem (e.g., nucleus tractus solitarius, area postrema and spinal trigeminal nucleus) and Ivachtin (e.g., hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, putamen and caudate) (Abi-Dargham et al., 1993, Barnes et al., 1989, Bufton et al.,

• br Autophagy and cell death pathways in ischemic stroke Alth

  2024-06-12

  

  Autophagy and cell death pathways in ischemic stroke Although very important for the effects on post-ischemic Bay 11-7085 injury, autophagy is not the only mechanism of action involved in cell death. Necrosis and apoptosis are two other distinct forms of cell death with great difference in morpho

• In our studies of leucine and BCH in pancreatic

  2024-06-12

  

  In our studies of leucine and BCH in pancreatic islets and clonal insulin cell lines, we noticed that leucine was a slightly stronger stimulant of insulin release. Previous studies showed that leucine can be metabolized to CO2[11], [12], [13], [14] and can increase acetoacetate in pancreatic islets

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